advances in resistance to hormonal therapies

Laval University researchers have discovered markers and genes associated with resistance to hormonal treatment commonly administered to men with prostate cancer. These advances are reported in a paper published by Pomegranate Cancerthis may lead to better use and development of treatment point (graphic) new and more effective cancer treatments.

Remember that resistance to hormonal treatments is a common phenomenon Prostate cancer (Prostate cancer is a common cancer that affects the prostate and therefore only…) and in other types of cancer. This resistance leads to the proliferation of cells that do not respond to treatment, thus contributing to cancer recurrence and metastases.

Groups to better understand the subtle workings of this resistance research (Scientific research is primarily… Samer Hussein, Rachid Mazroui and Paul Toren from the faculty medicine (Medicine (Latin medicus, “healer”) science and…) and CHU de Québec Research Center – Laval University (Laval University is one of the largest universities in Canada. Like it…)used two prostate cancer cell lines.

The first line consisted of enzalutamide (ENZ) responsive cells. This molecule (A molecule is an electrically neutral chemical compound consisting of at least two atoms, which…) is used in hormone therapy (In medicine, hormone therapy is drug treatment based on…) to block androgenic hormones such as testosterone (Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. In…). Its action slows down and prolongs the development of prostate cancerlife expectancy (Life expectancy is a statistic. It was supposed to give the duration…).

The the second (The second is the feminine of the second adjective immediately following the first, or which…) the cancer cell line was resistant to this treatment: the cells did not respond to the ENZ molecule and continued to proliferate.

Professor Hussain explains: “Most researchers studying resistance to hormone treatments focus on changes in gene expression – the transcription of DNA to RNA – that lead to the emergence of resistance. These studies measure the level of messenger RNA in the cell, but their own, these data (In information technology (IT), data is an elementary description, often…) does not identify changes in gene expression critical for resistance. So we had the idea to look at one more step in the process by studying how the translation of messenger RNAs into proteins changes when there is resistance to the ENZ molecule.”

Experiments conducted by the researchers showed that the translation of the vast majority of messenger RNAs was reduced in resistant cells. However, there are some exceptions. “Certain messenger RNAs are translated more in resistant cells, emphasizes Samer Hussein. When ENZ-sensitive cells induce the expression of genes corresponding to these messenger RNAs, they become resistant to treatment.”

The researchers also discovered a new class of markers associated with resistance to the ENZ molecule. “We observed the presence of long non-coding RNAs outside the cell nucleus, which is never observed in healthy cells. As the name suggests, long non-coding RNAs should not be converted into proteins,” explains Professor Hussain. In ENZ-resistant cells, these RNAs are converted into short proteins, peptides. When we induce expression of these peptides in ENZ-sensitive cells, resistance occurs.”

These advances in nature Main (In music, the word fundamental can refer to several meanings.) may have clinical effects at two levels. On the one hand, they can direct the nature of treatments offered to patients. “Genes overexpressed in continuous lines and long non-coding RNAs outside the nucleus are indicative of ENZ resistance. Therefore, alternative treatment methods should be considered for these observed patients,” emphasizes Professor Hussain.

On the other hand, these resistance markers can guide the search for new treatments. “If new anticancer molecules do not upregulate the expression of the candidate genes we have identified or the translation of long non-coding RNAs, resistance to treatment is unlikely to appear,” he says. seeker (Researcher (feminine researcher) refers to a person whose job it is to conduct research…).

Other signatories of the study were published Pomegranate Cancer Emeline Lelong, Gabriel Khelifi, Pauline Adjibade, France-Hélène Joncas, Valérie Attic (A granary (Latin granarium) is an above-ground room for storing grain. It can…) St-Sauveur, Virginie Paquette, Typhaine Gris, Étienne Audet-Walsh and Jean-Philippe Lambert,University (A university is a higher education institution with the purpose of…) Laval and Amina Zoubeidi of the University of British Columbia.